Debiaser for Multiple Variables to enhance fairness in classification tasks     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103226

Nowadays assuring that search and recommendation systems are fair and do not apply discrimination among any kind of population has become of paramount importance. This is also highlighted by some of the sustainable development goals proposed by the United Nations. Those systems typically rely on machine learning algorithms that solve the classification task. Although the problem of fairness has been widely addressed in binary classification, unfortunately, the fairness of multi-class classification problem needs to be further investigated lacking well-established solutions. For the aforementioned reasons, in this paper, we present the Debiaser for Multiple Variables (DEMV), an approach able to mitigate unbalanced groups bias (i.e., bias caused by an unequal distribution of instances in the population) in both binary and multi-class classification problems with multiple sensitive variables. The proposed method is compared, under several conditions, with a set of well-established baselines using different categories of classifiers. At first we conduct a specific study to understand which is the best generation strategies and their impact on DEMV’s ability to improve fairness. Then, we evaluate our method on a heterogeneous set of datasets and we show how it overcomes the established algorithms of the literature in the multi-class classification setting and in the binary classification setting when more than two sensitive variables are involved. Finally, based on the conducted experiments, we discuss strengths and weaknesses of our method and of the other baselines.  相似文献   

Artificial intelligence implication on energy sustainability in Internet of Things: A survey     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103212

The massive number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices connected to the Internet is continuously increasing. The operations of these devices rely on consuming huge amounts of energy. Power limitation is a major issue hindering the operation of IoT applications and services. To improve operational visibility, Low-power devices which constitute IoT networks, drive the need for sustainable sources of energy to carry out their tasks for a prolonged period of time. Moreover, the means to ensure energy sustainability and QoS must consider the stochastic nature of the energy supplies and dynamic IoT environments. Artificial Intelligence (AI) enhanced protocols and algorithms are capable of predicting and forecasting demand as well as providing leverage at different stages of energy use to supply. AI will improve the efficiency of energy infrastructure and decrease waste in distributed energy systems, ensuring their long-term viability. In this paper, we conduct a survey to explore enhanced AI-based solutions to achieve energy sustainability in IoT applications. AI is relevant through the integration of various Machine Learning (ML) and Swarm Intelligence (SI) techniques in the design of existing protocols. ML mechanisms used in the literature include variously supervised and unsupervised learning methods as well as reinforcement learning (RL) solutions. The survey constitutes a complete guideline for readers who wish to get acquainted with recent development and research advances in AI-based energy sustainability in IoT Networks. The survey also explores the different open issues and challenges.  相似文献   

Multi-task learning based high-value patent and standard-essential patent identification model     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(3):103327

The high-value patent identification (HVPI) and the standard-essential patent identification (SEPI) are two important issues in the fields of intellectual property and the standardization, respectively. Almost all the HVPI and the SEPI are based on the single-task learning. In this paper, we unify the HVPI and the SEPI in a multi-task learning framework in consideration of the mutual reinforcement of the two tasks. In our model, we extract the patent structured features and embed the patent textual features using the pre-training model. Given these features, we explore a multi-task learning based identification model to identify the high-value patents and the standard-essential patents. We evaluate our model by comparing with two state-of-the-art models on the 5 balanced datasets and 2 imbalanced datasets. The results show our multi-task learning based model outperforms significantly these single-tasking learning based models in the measurements: precision, recall, F1 and accuracy. On the balanced datasets, the average increments of measurements are 1.3%, 1.29%, 1.28% and 1.28% respectively. On the imbalanced datasets, the average increments of measurements are 2.24%, 1.62%, 1.75% and 0.66% respectively.  相似文献   

Exploring an intervention’s impact on everyday school activities     

Marianne Björn  Idor Svensson 《Support for Learning》2021,36(1):5-19

The focus of this paper is on a group of pupils with reading and writing difficulties who have been participating in an intervention study using assistive technology. That intervention study contained supervised training sessions with reading and writing tasks using an iPad with special supportive applications. The current study is a qualitative investigation of whether there has been any transfer from the intervention, to the pupils’ everyday school activities. Interviews with pupils and their teachers and observations during classroom lectures have been used to collect data. The results show that the pupils were positive to the assistive technology (the applications on the iPads), they found the apps easy to learn how to use and they appreciated the benefits they could give. Even so, only a few of the pupils had found use for and continued to use the tools after the intervention period finished. Possible reasons are that when the novelty wore off, students reverted to their usual study habits and that older students with many teachers and different classrooms were less able to adapt to using the apps. To improve transfer, it is suggested to introduce assistive technology earlier to students, in the younger grades, before study habits have been formed and to inform teachers about the use of AT in the classroom, including what is available and how it can benefit students.  相似文献   

学分银行理念下开放教育综合实践教学改革初探     

谢妙忻  吴晓辉 《继续教育研究》2021,(1):33-36

随着信息技术日新月异、行业形态不断改变、新业态源源不断出现,社会对人才培养也随之提出更高的要求。在开放教育中,综合实践教学虽然处在战略性地位,但是在学习者专业技能培养中,往往只偏重于理论教育,实践技能教育存在流于形式、学习内容陈旧、实践资源缺失等问题,导致人才培养与实际岗位需求脱节。为了适应开放教育的发展趋势,结合当前开放教育综合实践教学中存在的实施不足、教学方式单一和实践基地弱化等问题,提出开放教育综合实践教学模式应以“学分银行”理念为基础,对综合实践教学进行行之有效的改革,以提升其教学质量和有效性。  相似文献   

The Impact of More,Better, Faster,Cheaper: How the PCC Influenced Everything That Followed     

Carol G. Hixson 《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2020,58(3-4):294-302

Abstract

The beginnings and the early years of the Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC) had a profound impact on the approach taken to cataloging in North America and around the world. The commitment to standards, cooperation, and expanded access also had an impact that went far beyond cataloging operations. One library dean traces the evolution of her vision and contemplates how the PCC’s principles have shaped her entire career and have affected the libraries in which she has worked.  相似文献   

Assisting,Instructing, Assessing: 21st Century Student Centered Librarianship     

Lauren Newton  Daniel E. Feinberg 《The Reference Librarian》2020,61(1):25-41

ABSTRACT

For librarians at the University of North Florida, there was a need to move beyond information literacy instruction to one-on-one and small group research consultations to aid in student success. By staffing the research desk with staff and students, librarians were able to open their calendars to allow more time for in-person, phone, and online consultations to aid in meeting the research goals of students at the institution. After assessing the research consultation program for two years, there has been a positive correlation between research consultation usage, satisfaction in completing assignments, and student success measures throughout the university.  相似文献   

试析高校排球教学中运动损伤的预防     

衷淑萍  邹春英 《当代体育科技》2020,(10):29-29,31

在高校排球教学工作中,做好对运动损伤的预防研究是保证课堂教学质量,实现对学生排球能力培养的关键教育措施。笔者结合实践教学经验,在文中先对排球运动损伤类型进行简述,之后分析了高校排球教学运动损伤的成因,最后对高校排球教学运动损伤的预防策略予以探讨,旨在促进高校排球教学质量的提升,实现对学生的全面素质培养。  相似文献   

“成功教学法”对大学生身体素质影响的研究     

黄苑玲  邹小驹 《当代体育科技》2020,(10):182-183

在体育教学过程当中采用的成功教学法,亦称为成功体育教学法,是一个将学生被动参与变成主动参与的学习过程。本研究探讨在体育教学过程中使用成功教学法对学生身体素质发展的影响,研究表明:与传统教学法相比,成功教学法在激发学生参与体育活动的热情,培训学生参与体育锻炼的兴趣和习惯,从而达到增强学生体质方面的效果更为显著。  相似文献   

上海市嘉定区高中生体育学习兴趣的现状调查及对策研究     

王莹 《当代体育科技》2020,(10):255-256

本文采用文献资料、问卷调查、数理统计等研究方法对上海市嘉定区高中生体育学习兴趣进行调查。结果表明,学生体育学习兴趣总体比较高,男生多源于内在驱动,女生多受外界影响。他们对体育活动的关注程度较高并有一定的理性认识。男生比较喜欢集体性和有身体对抗性项目,女生喜欢相对柔和一些的运动项目。学生希望体育课堂内容丰富多彩,并希望对课堂有一定的自由支配权。  相似文献